Tag medical school

Medical Mnemonics

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Medical mnemonics are memory aids that help students and clinicians quickly recall complex information—everything from cranial nerves to causes of diseases. They were absolute lifesavers for me during medical school, and some still come in handy for my medical practice. Here are some of the most widely used and useful ones, grouped by topic:

🧠 Cranial Nerves (Order & Function)

Names (in order):
On Old Olympus’ Towering Top, A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops
→ Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Vestibulocochlear, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal

Function (Sensory/Motor/Both):
“Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More”

❤️ Causes of Chest Pain (Serious)

“MONA” (also used in treatment of heart attacks):

  • Morphine
  • Oxygen
  • Nitroglycerin
  • Aspirin

“ABCDE” for life-threatening causes:

  • Aortic dissection
  • Pulmonary Bolus (embolism)
  • Coronary syndrome (heart attack)
  • Dead lung (tension pneumothorax)
  • Esophageal rupture

🧬 Lupus Diagnostic Criteria

“SOAP BRAIN MD”

  • Serositis
  • Oral ulcers
  • Arthritis
  • Photosensitivity
  • Blood disorders
  • Renal involvement
  • ANA
  • Immunologic disorders
  • Neurologic symptoms
  • Malar rash
  • Discoid rash

🧪 Causes of Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

“MUDPILES”

  • Methanol
  • Uremia
  • Diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Propylene glycol / Paracetamol
  • Infection / Iron / Isoniazid
  • Lactic acidosis
  • Ethylene glycol
  • Salicylates

🫀 Heart Valve Auscultation Areas

“All Physicians Take Money”

  • Aortic → Right 2nd intercostal space
  • Pulmonic → Left 2nd intercostal space
  • Tricuspid → Left lower sternal border
  • Mitral → Apex (5th intercostal, midclavicular line)

🦴 Carpal Bones (Wrist)

“Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle” ***This one is one of my favorites!***

  • Scaphoid
  • Lunate
  • Triquetrum
  • Pisiform
  • Trapezium
  • Trapezoid
  • Capitate
  • Hamate

🧫 Tendons In Thumb

“SEX LAB” ***Another favorite!***
Short Extensor (Extensor Pollicis Brevis), Long Abductor (Abductor Pollicis Longus)

🩺 Symptoms of Hypocalcemia

“CATS go numb”

  • Convulsions
  • Arrhythmias
  • Tetany
  • Spasms/Stridor

🧍‍♂️ Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms

“TRAP”

  • Tremor
  • Rigidity
  • Akinesia (or bradykinesia)
  • Postural instability

🧠 Stroke Warning Signs

Mnemonic: “FAST”

  • Face drooping
  • Arm weakness
  • Speech difficulty
  • Time to call emergency services

🧠 Anticholinergic Toxicity

Classic Description:

  • Hot as a hare
  • Blind as a bat
  • Red as a beet
  • Mad as a hatter
  • Dry as a bone

🧠 Why the Weird Ones Work

Why the weird ones work

The more inappropriate, vivid, or absurd, the better your brain encodes it. Medicine is heavy memorization—so people lean into humor (even dark humor) to survive it.

Why mnemonics matter

They’re not just for exams—they’re used daily in clinical settings where quick recall can be critical. Good mnemonics:

  • Simplify complex lists
  • Improve speed under pressure
  • Reduce errors in diagnosis or treatment

The Language of Medicine

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© armmypicca, 123RF Free Images

Medical school introduces an enormous volume of new terminology—often estimated in the range of 10,000–20,000 new terms over the course of training. These include anatomical structures, physiological processes, disease names, diagnostic procedures, and pharmacological agents. Early on, students can feel overwhelmed because nearly every sentence in a lecture may contain multiple unfamiliar words.

This is why learning medicine is often compared to studying a foreign language. Like in fields such as Latin or Ancient Greek, much of medical vocabulary is built from common roots, prefixes, and suffixes. For example, once you know that “cardio-” refers to the heart and “-itis” means inflammation, terms like “carditis” or “pericarditis” become easier to decode. Over time, students stop memorizing isolated words and instead start recognizing patterns and constructing meaning from word components—just like becoming fluent in a new language.

As fluency develops, “medical speak” begins to feel natural. What initially required conscious effort—translating and interpreting terms—becomes almost automatic. Students and physicians can quickly process complex information, communicate efficiently with colleagues, and even think in medical terminology without mentally converting it back to everyday language. In clinical settings, this fluency allows for precise, concise communication that would otherwise take much longer in lay terms.

In short, while the early stages of medical education can feel like immersion in a completely unfamiliar language, consistent exposure and practice transform that complexity into a kind of second nature. I truly feel very blessed and privileged to have learned the language of medicine. It is an incredible honor, and something I never take for granted.

Latin Tongue

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© armmypicca, 123RF Free Images

A very common tendency among young people who intend to go to medical school is to take Latin during high school. It is so common that a reference to this tendency was featured on a recent episode of The Pitt. As it turns out, I took 2 years of Latin in high school, in anticipation of going to medical school. Though I don’t remember much from my two years of high school Latin, having a knowledge of Latin helped out tremendously while I attended medical school.

That’s because:

  • I internalized roots, prefixes, and suffixes
  • I got comfortable with unfamiliar word structures
  • I learned to infer meaning instead of memorizing blindly

That “mental framework” sticks even when the formal knowledge fades.

1. The language of medical terminology
A huge portion of medical vocabulary is derived from Latin and Greek. Words like cardiology (cardio = heart, Greek; -logy = study of) or renal (Latin renes = kidneys) are essentially built from these roots. When you’ve studied Latin, you’re not just memorizing terms—you’re decoding them.

So instead of rote memorization, you instinctively break words apart:

  • hepatosplenomegaly → liver + spleen + enlargement
  • subcutaneous → under + skin

That gives you a major efficiency advantage in medical school, where the vocabulary load is enormous.

2. Precision and consistency in communication
Medicine depends on extremely precise language. Latin (and Greek) provides a standardized, unchanging base. Unlike modern languages, Latin isn’t evolving, so terms don’t shift in meaning over time. That stability is why anatomical structures and diagnoses are still named this way worldwide.

3. Anatomy is basically Latin immersion
Anatomy in particular is saturated with Latin:

  • foramen magnum
  • corpus callosum

If you’ve had Latin, even at a basic level, these aren’t just intimidating strings—they’re descriptive phrases. That makes learning anatomy feel more logical and less arbitrary.

4. Training your brain for pattern recognition
Latin study emphasizes grammar, structure, and parsing complex sentences. That skill translates surprisingly well to medicine:

  • analyzing symptoms → like parsing a sentence
  • recognizing patterns → like identifying word roots and endings

It builds a kind of mental discipline that helps with clinical reasoning and absorbing dense information.

5. Historical tradition (that still lingers)
Medicine in Europe was formalized when Latin was the language of scholarship. Universities, early medical texts, and anatomical naming conventions all used Latin. Even though modern education has moved on, the terminology never got replaced—so the legacy persists.

The Day I Became A Doctor

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Despite the fact that I had wanted to become a doctor from the time I was eight years old, the idea of going through grueling training intimidated me, so I kept putting off that goal. It was actually quite rewarding and fulfilling for me to zigzag through a number of different jobs (the most prominent were personal trainer, personal assistant to a famous stand-up comic, and optometric technician) after I graduated from college. Because I allowed myself some wiggle room, I finally came full circle and realized that the most fulfilling career choice for me would be in medicine. After prepping, taking the MCAT, and applying to medical school, I was accepted and spent the next four years studying the discipline which had attracted me so much as a child.

The day of my graduation from medical school was quite special, partly because my mother was beaming from ear to ear, my then-husband was excited for me, and my father actually made a point of attending the event. I will never forget my mom placing the Kelly green and white graduation hood (the color combo for medicine) over my head and across my back, signifying my graduation from medical school, It was indeed one of the most meaningful and special moments in my entire life.

My Top Ten Favorite Moments

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I recently thought about what my ten favorite moments in my life have been, and I decided to compile a list. I was astonished to see that eight of the ten moments occurred while I was traveling, and six of them involved water. Every single one of these moments is special and sacred to me, and full of meaning. I’ve made sure to list them in chronological order. I will add ten blog posts in the future which will discuss each of these magic moments.

Aegean Sea

The night I gazed at stars in Yosemite

Japanese-American beauty pageant win

Medical School graduation

Swimming with dolphins in Kihei, Maui

Winning IFBB Pro status at Team Universe

Budapest at 7 pm

Mornings in Maldives

My last night in Porto

Chaweng Noi Beach

Of Orifices and Zero Freedom

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As a physician, I have had the incredible honor and privilege of studying every part of the human body, to the most minute detail. I have hovered over cadavers which were fileted and displayed for they eyes of inquisitive medical students, and scrubbed in on colon resections, open heart surgery, neurosurgery, cataract removal, etc. During my first month of internship as a newly minted physician, I massaged a dying heart with my gloved hands (no, the patient didn’t survive). I have also delivered over 40 infants via vaginal and Cesarean methods, and have pronounced the demise of patients in the wards. In fact, there are many stories I have collected over the years, some incredibly sad, some disgusting, some frightening, and some infuriating, but all true, and all part of my experience as a doctor.

I knew full well that by signing up for an education in medicine, I would be subjected to disgusting, morbid, frightening things, and that I would face mortality on a regular basis. However, after several years of working in family practice, I began to notice that I wasn’t thrilled with the fact that I examined orifices of every kind on a very regular basis. Whether it was a nostril, a mouth, an ear canal, an anus, a urethral meatus (layman’s term pee-hole), or vagina I had to examine, I was never thrilled about it, and the orifices below the belt were certainly much more bothersome to address. My intense dislike of such examinations, combined with the tedium of primary care and the low insurance reimbursement for services and procedures provided, caused me to retreat from primary care and focus more on the areas I had more interest in, namely, physical medicine, cosmetic dermatology, and anti-aging medicine, all of which are much cleaner and which do not require me to conduct examinations on private parts.

Another feature of primary care which made me cringe was the intense demand on a practitioner’s time. The only time it ever seemed reasonable for me to literally lose sleep night after night as a physician was when I was in training. At this point, there is no way you could convince me that such a thing is healthy, and I refuse to sign up for that. I won’t give up weekends to take on three stacked 12-hour work shifts, and I will not give up the few holidays I celebrate (Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Year’s Eve, and New Year’s Day) in order to work. As it is, I give up other major holidays to work, but since the work I perform on those holidays is in bodybuilding and fitness, I don’t mind it at all.

I love being a physician, and I find it incredibly rewarding to make a positive impact on my patients. However, I will not sacrifice balance in my life, or the freedom to pursue my other interests, in order to prove to society what a good physician I am. I don’t believe for a second that running oneself into the ground working as a physician ever sends a positive message to others. I don’t ever want to be the kind of doctor who is saddled with so many chart notes to write that an entire weekend is devoted to completing them. Not for me.

Lasty, I think it’s so strange that society still assumes that doctors are supposed to give their time and knowledge at a moment’s notice, on demand, yet I don’t see those same demands placed on people in other industries. I can’t tell you how many times I have been in a brief conversation with a complete stranger, who dares to ask me a medical question as soon as my profession is revealed. I swear, one of these days I am going to get a t-shirt made that says, “THE DOCTOR IS OFF-DUTY RIGHT NOW…NO MEDICAL QUESTIONS PLEASE”!

I Had A Quick And Easy Divorce

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written by Ed Sherman

Many of your probably don’t know that I was married once. Back when I was about to start my second year of medical school, I met and was charmed by a guy who was about to start his first year of medical school at the same institution. He signed up to be one of my subjects for a study I was conducting on lumbar somatic dysfunction (I later found out that the main reason why he signed up was because he thought I was hot).

After I gathered scientific data from the portion of the study which involved him, he began asking me questions. Which mnemonic guides were the best for gross anatomy? Which professors were my favorite? Where did I typically study for exams? He then went in for the kill, taking me by surprise by asking me out. I liked him, and noticed he was different in a way that really grabbed my interest, so I said yes.

To make a long story short, that date progressed into a romance which was so intense that we were married a year later. In general, I loved being married, and though we had our difficulties, we made our marriage work for a while. Then it stopped working, and after three years, I asked for a divorce.

After the initial emotional anguish subsided, my husband and I spent close to a year trying to determine if divorce was the best option. Inevitably, we both agreed that being apart was actually much better for us both. Since we were both rather rational about our impending divorce, and retained a level of mutual respect which is quite rare among couples at the demise of their marriage, we agreed that we could probably bypass legal counsel and file the paperwork ourselves. I ended up purchasing a book called, How To Do Your Own Divorce In California, by Ed Sherman, and printed off the legal forms which were included on the CD in the back of the book.

I filed the initial paperwork and braced myself for the paper storm to follow. It was a bit of a hassle to complete all of the forms myself, but I saved a ton on legal fees. The total amount which I spent on the book and all the filings came to under $300, and I was happy to pay it. My husband and I were also able to complete the Marital Settlement Agreement without much difficulty, and we were able to reach a mutually beneficial arrangement.

Six months and one day from the day I filed, I received the final Divorce Decree in the mail. My divorce was honestly easier than some breakups in my life. And to this day, my ex-husband and I are on good terms. He remarried in November of last year (thirteen years after our divorce was finalized), and I can honestly say that I truly wish the best for him and his bride.

In case you are in the unfortunate predicament of a looming divorce, but feel confident that you and your estranged spouse can divorce without any drama or irrational behavior, you may want to consider the easy divorce route we took. The newest version of the book I used is now 20 bucks on Amazon. However, I am by no means endorsing this route, so you should explore other options if need be. If you are facing an ugly battle, you should definitely seek top notch legal counsel to aid you in the divorce process.

The newest edition of Ed Sherman’s valuable reference guide for divorce in California